Japão e o Valor Justo

Segundo o Financial Times (Tokyo offers support for 'fair value' accounting standard, Rachel Sanderson, 8/3/2010), o Japão irá adotar a regra contábil do valor justo para algumas empresas. A decisão foi tomada pelo Japanese Financial Services Agency

The rule values loans and loan-like instruments at cost, and everything else, including complex instruments such as derivatives, at fair value. Accountants consider it a good compromise position in the fair value debate.

The decision by Japan, the world's second-largest capital market after the US, to show support for IFRS, or International Financial Reporting Standards, will go some way to bolster the position of the International Accounting Standards Board and its chairman, Sir David Tweedie, at a difficult time.

European politicians sent shockwaves through the accounting world last year by refusing to sanction an early introduction of IFRS 9 on fair value. Those opposed said that the rule did not go far enough to limit the use of fair value accounting.

Then the US Securities and Exchange Commission last month voted to wait until 2011 to decide whether US companies should adopt the IASB's International Financial Reporting Standards. Experts say that fair value is a sticking point, as US standards setters support a greater use than is advocated in Europe.

Japanese executives, including Atsushi Saito, president and chief executive of the Tokyo Stock Exchange, have voiced frustration at the failure of the US and Europe to come to an agreement on IFRS.

IFRS rules are in use or due to be adopted by more than 110 countries including those of Europe.

Japão e medidas para crise

Muito controversamente, o governo planeja suspender as regras de contabilidade de marcação a mercado, que força os bancos a avaliar seus itens a preços de mercado. Muitos especialistas opõem a medida. A redução da transparência e a avaliação dos ativos dos bancos a maior prolongou a miséria dos últimos tempos. Por que repetir o erro?
Japan’s economy: That sinking feeling – 1/11/2008 - The Economist – 38 - Number 950

Links

1) Aproximação entre o Iasb e as normas do Japão

2) Risco Moral da Lehman

3) IFRS - Estudo de Caso Grupo Orey - Portugal

4) Psicologia no terceiro setor

5) No Brasil, os prisioneiros são segregados segundo sua gang

Japão irá adotar a IFRS

Segundo notícia da Jiji Press (Japan Considers International Accounting Standards, 4/9/2008) o Japão está considerando a possibilidade de adotar as normas internacionais para prevenir que o país fique isolado.

Japan has been working to resolve gaps between Japanese and international standards by 2011, while maintaining its own standards. But the SEC proposal prompted Japanese officials to move away from standards unique to Japan.

There has already been a broad agreement in Japan to get international standards start with consolidated earnings reports.

IFRS no Japão

Segundo a Nikkei (Intl Accounting Rules Exert Growing Impact On Pension Plans) a adoção da IFRS pode aumentar o custo de pensão das empresas japonesas:

The internationalization of Japanese accounting rules is likely to increase the effect that corporate pension programs have on the financial condition and earnings of host companies more than ever.

An entertainment-related company listed on the first section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange booked liabilities in excess of assets in fiscal 2007 under international accounting criteria. The negative net worth was not seen in the earnings report for the year that the company compiled and released based on Japanese accounting rules, but was recorded under the international standards the firm also uses because its biggest shareholder is a listed Western company.

Under Japanese rules, a company does not need to immediately register on its balance sheet part of a shortage in pension reserves and is allowed to treat it as off-the-books debt. International standards, however, usually require the company to immediately reflect the shortfall on its balance sheet.

Companies in the U.S. were required to promptly register the shortages on their balance sheets starting in fiscal 2006, and Japan is highly likely to introduce a similar regulation sooner or later. In such a case, the status of corporate pension funds will greatly affect the balance sheets of Japanese companies each business period.

The realignment of accounting rules for pension programs toward international standards may affect profit/loss statements as well.

Losses on pension funds under management are written off either in a single year or over a number of years under Japanese rules, which allow companies to choose between the two approaches.

Rir é o melhor remédio

Uma propaganda da Science World informando que o Japão tem 1500 terromotos por ano. A foto está tremida.